Filed under: Hybrid, Transportation Alternatives, GM

The King County Washington transit system was one of the first in the United States to start widely using hybrid buses and they just announced a major expansion of the effort. Since King County got their first hybrid buses over three years ago they have put 214 of them on the road. In the fall of 2006, voters approved a twenty percent expansion of the transit system services and today King County executive Ron Sims announced that they have decided to purchase up to five hundred more articulated buses from New Flyer Industries with the GM-Allison two-mode hybrid system.

Since putting their first hybrid buses into service King County has measured a thirty percent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from the hybrids compared to their conventional buses and forty percent better reliability. The first twenty-two buses for the service expansion are expected to arrive next spring with another one hundred in 2009. Over the next five years the additional buses will be purchased to replace older conventional buses in the fleet.

In King County’s experience so far the hybrids have gotten over 4mpg compared to about 3mpg for conventional diesel buses and they are expected to last 14-16 years compared to twelve for the non-hybrids. The powertrains could potentially last up to twenty years but the bus itself begins to wear out in the shorter time-frame. So far their are over seven hundred GM hybrid buses on the road in fifty-six cities and they’ve accumulated over 35 million miles. The press release is after the jump.

[Source: General Motors and King County]
Historic King County Contract Includes GM Hybrid-Powered Buses
Contract may increase fleet to more than 700 GM-hybrid powered buses, saving an estimated 1.1 million gallons of fuel annually, enough to fill 138 tanker trucks

SEATTLE – King County awarded a landmark contract today for the purchase of up to 500 articulated buses, most of which will be powered by General Motors’ 2-mode hybrid system.

The five-year contract, which could be worth as much as $400 million, is between King County and bus-manufacturer New Flyer Industries. General Motors supplies New Flyer with the hybrid system for the buses.

King County has been operating a fleet of 214 GM hybrid-powered buses since 2004 and with the addition of this contract, King County could have a total of 714 buses, making it the largest fleet of hybrid-articulated buses in history.

King County Executive Ron Sims welcomed key local and national transportation leaders and representatives from GM and New Flyer, as they announced the contract agreement during a press conference today at Qwest Field, home of the NFL’s Seattle Seahawks.

“It’s innovative public-private partnerships such as this that put King County in a leadership position to combat global warming,” said King County Executive Ron Sims. “We will put new rapid transit bus service on the streets with the first 122 articulated hybrids ordered. The size of this contract demonstrates our commitment to transit and the resulting benefits to our residents for air quality and traffic congestion.”

King County’s efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and target global warming are among the most aggressive in the U.S.

Due to this strong environmental leadership, King County has one of the greenest transit agencies in the nation and GM is proud to supply its advanced hybrid technology to assist in this achievement.

In the U.S., GM’s strategy is to save as many gallons of fuel as possible by applying hybrid technology first to larger vehicles such as mass transit buses. Currently, 720 buses with GM’s 2-mode hybrid system have been delivered to 56 cities across the U.S. and Canada, saving an estimated 1 million gallons of fuel annually. The potential addition of up to 500 buses in King County, will bring the total in North America to more than 1,200 GM hybrid-powered, saving an estimated 1.75 million gallons of fuel annually.

“We at General Motors share King County’s vision to reduce oil consumption and greenhouse gas emissions,” said Tom Stephens, GM Group Vice President, Global Powertrain and Global Quality. “GM’s commitment to improving fuel economy, reducing vehicle emissions, and developing electrically driven vehicles is not a short-term strategy. We’re in this game for the long term. We see energy and environmental leadership as a critical element of GM’s ongoing turnaround plan and a key part of our business strategy. That is why we are introducing four all-new hybrid models in 2007, which is more than any automaker has ever introduced in one calendar year.”

Transit buses with GM’s 2-mode hybrid system deliver significantly better fuel economy than traditional transit buses, cut certain emissions up to 90 percent and have operating sound levels approaching that of passenger cars. Other benefits of GM’s 2-mode hybrid system for transit buses include reduced maintenance costs resulting from extended brake, engine oil and transmission oil life, superior torque, and improved acceleration.

In fact, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) conducted a one-year comparative study between conventional diesel buses and GM hybrid-powered buses operating on a typical King County drive cycle.

The NREL report showed that the GM-hybrid powered buses had 30 percent higher fuel economy on average when compared to the conventional diesel buses and total operating costs were lowered by 15 percent.

During King County drive cycle testing, the NREL results showed that the GM-hybrid powered buses lowered fuel consumption by 23 percent; nitrogen oxides (NOx) by 18 percent; carbon monoxide (CO) by 60 percent; and total hydrocarbon (THC) by 56 percent when compared to conventional diesel buses.

This NREL study of King County’s hybrid buses is an endorsement of GM’s 2-mode hybrid propulsion system and one element of King County’s decision to purchase up to 500 additional buses. The report was published in December 2006, and can be viewed at http://www.nrel.gov/vehiclesandfuels/fleettest/pdfs/40585.pdf.

To represent emissions reduction and King County’s purchase of up to 500 hybrid buses, GM is donating up to 500 trees that will be planted throughout the county this year. The first five trees will be planted in a historic portion of Marymoor Park located in Redmond, Wash., that was heavily damaged by a November windstorm.

The 2-mode hybrid technology in these buses has served as the starting point for GM’s co-development with DaimlerChrysler and BMW Group of the 2-mode hybrid system for passenger vehicles, which GM will launch later this year in the Chevrolet Tahoe and GMC Yukon fullsize SUVs, followed in 2008 by the Cadillac Escalade fullsize SUV, Saturn Vue Green Line compact SUV and the Chevrolet Silverado and GMC Sierra fullsize pickups.

“The Chevrolet Tahoe and GMC Yukon are the world’s first and only fullsize hybrid SUVs, offering up to eight-passenger seating and an estimated 25 percent improvement in overall fuel economy when combined with our Active Fuel Management cylinder deactivation technology,” said Beth Lowery, Vice President, Global Public Policy and Government Relations.

The 2-mode hybrid diesel-electric drive system for transit buses is manufactured by GM Allison Transmission, maker of transmissions and hybrid propulsion systems for commercial trucks, buses, and off-highway equipment and military vehicles, headquartered in Indianapolis.

New Flyer is based in Winnipeg, Manitoba.

General Motors Corp. (NYSE: GM), the world’s largest automaker, has been the annual global industry sales leader for 76 years. Founded in 1908, GM today employs about 284,000 people around the world. With global headquarters in Detroit, GM manufactures its cars and trucks in 33 countries.

In 2006, 9.1 million GM cars and trucks were sold globally under the following brands: Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet, GMC, GM Daewoo, Holden, HUMMER, Opel, Pontiac, Saab, Saturn and Vauxhall. GM’s OnStar subsidiary is the industry leader in vehicle safety, security and information services. More information on GM can be found at www.gm.com.

 

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BOLD MOVES: THE FUTURE OF FORD Step behind the curtain at Ford Motor. Experience the documentary first-hand.

Filed under: Hybrid

BusinessCar, a website dedicated to helping businesses get the most for their money when they buy or lease vehicles, has hashed out the pros and cons of ten green automotive technologies. After all the calculations, they’ve decided that hybrids are the current best choice. The editors say they “judged on emissions (that’s all of them, and not just tailpipe CO2), fuel economy, tax benefits, availability and long-term viability – and then crowned a winner.”

The list was drawn up with the UK (especially the availability of, say, biofuels or pure electric vehicles) and the needs of businesses in mind, so don’t assume it can be easily transplanted to other locations. I’m kind of surprised to see hydrogen and fuel cells beating modern petrol at this stage of the game, but if anyone can make use of H2 vehicles right now, it’s businesses with fleets in traveling around a centralized fueling station.

You can read all of their reasons in the article itself, but here’s the cheat sheet.

10. GTL (Gas to Liquid)
9. LPG
8. CNG
7. Modern petrol
6. Hydrogen engine
5. Fuel cell
4. Biofuels
3. Full electric
2. Modern diesel
1. Hybrid

How would you rank these technologies?

[Source: BusinessCar]

 

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BOLD MOVES: THE FUTURE OF FORD Step behind the curtain at Ford Motor. Experience the documentary first-hand.

Filed under: Hybrid

Cobasys is working with Armor Holdings Inc. to provide their NiMH battery packs for heavy duty hybrid trucks that the latter company is developing. The hybrid trucks are being tested by the US Army at Ft. Lewis in Washington in different mission simulations to evaluate their performance.

The battery pack supplied by Cobasys is a 280 kW unit with 11 kWh of energy capacity. The full pack is assembled from four of Cobasys’ existing production packs and is being used in the Army’s Future Tactical Truck System. The defense department is evaluating many different alternative fuel and powertrain technologies for the vehicles and other systems because they don’t want to be dependent on the people on the other side of the line for one of their primary supplies.

[Source: Cobasys]Cobasys Strengthens Hybrid Heavy-Duty Truck Activities with U.S. Army High-Tech Vehicles

Orion, MI, May 15 , 2007— Cobasys, a leading supplier of advanced integrated energy storage solutions, today announced it has supplied its NiMHax(R) Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH) battery systems for integration into hybrid electric heavy trucks developed by Armor Holdings Inc. for the U.S. Army. The Military Utility Assessment (MUA) testing began in March by the soldiers in Ft. Lewis, Washington where the vehicles were placed in operational service to begin performing a variety of mission simulations.

Cobasys was chosen to supply a system to the Army’s Future Tactical Truck System (FTTS) based on one of their standard products, the NiMHax 336-70. The complete energy storage system, using four NiMHax 336-70 sub-packs, is capable of producing over 280kW and provides more than 11 kWh of energy. The FTTS heavy-duty hybrid program is part of the Army’s efforts to develop their next generation of tactical wheeled vehicles known as Maneuver Sustainment Vehicle (MSV). The military selected the NiMHax 336-280V system because Cobasys is the only North American manufacturer supplying ‘plug-and-play’ NiMH battery systems for hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) heavy-duty applications.

“Cobasys is proud to be supplying our NiMHax systems to the U.S. Army and being part of the team which is helping to provide the military with a tactical truck fleet of fuel-efficient, high-tech vehicles to face the challenges of today’s military missions,” stated Erik Hansen, General Manager of Sales for Cobasys.

About Cobasys

Cobasys designs, manufactures and integrates advanced energy storage systems solutions for transportation markets, including Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV), Electric Vehicles (EV) and 36/42 Volt applications and stationary markets, including Back-Up power supply systems for Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS), Telecom and Renewable Energy applications.

Cobasys is a joint venture between Chevron Technology Ventures LLC, a subsidiary of Chevron Corporation (NYSE: CVX) and Energy Conversion Devices, Inc. (NASDAQ: ENER).

For more information about Cobasys, contact Ray Wagner at 248-620-5700 or visit our website at http://www.cobasys.com/.

 

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BOLD MOVES: THE FUTURE OF FORD Step behind the curtain at Ford Motor. Experience the documentary first-hand.

From the feedback we've received and the numbers we've seen, Weekly DIY has turned out to be a really popular series on the Green Options blog. While the series' coordinator Ryan and the writers are always on the hunt for new green DIY projects to feature here, we're pretty sure that you've got a DIY that you'd like to share with the Green Options community. Now you can!

We've created a submission form for Weekly DIY suggestions, and we invite you to send us an overview of your project. Ryan will go through submissions on a regular basis, and pick the best of the bunch. If we choose your project, Ryan will get in touch for details and photos. We'll then feature the project under your byline: you'll be the Weekly DIY guest blogger of the week.

No project is too big or small: as long as it helps people "green the good life," we're interested. We look forward to your submissions, and, as always, thank you for participating in the Green Options community!

Austin’s Clean Energy Venture Summit included a session on the Utility of the Future, including Roger Duncan from Austin Energy, Robert Howard from Pacific Gas and Electric, Paul Thomas of Green Mountain Energy, Brad Gammon from IBM, and consultant Alison Silverstein. They described an energy Internet or network of energy networks, including addresses for all outlets and devices and robust metadata systems for monitoring and regulation, optimizing overall efficiency. It won’t be easy to implement – it’s a complicated problem to combine an energy bus and an IT bus for every structure. There’s also major load swings we’re just beginning to understand, according to Duncan, such as load reduction through pervasive implementation of energy-saving light bulbs and load increase (or shift) as pluggable hybrids start appearing. Howard foresees plugin hybrids serving as alternative reserve energy supplies as well, once we’ve solved the (not insigificant) problem of energy storage. It’s an interesting time to be a public utility, with the paradigm for the transmission and delivery of utility services at the edge of significant change that, while inevitable, is stalled somewhat by the inherent risk-averse conservatism of most utility companies – Austin Energy and Pacific Gas & Electric are exceptionally forward-looking… (more)

(Posted by Jon Lebkowsky in Energy at 5:01 AM)

Filed under: Ethanol, Volvo

Click on the image for a gallery of high-res images of the Volvo V70.

Volvo announced this week that four new biofuel models are coming to the UK, including FlexiFuel versions of the C30, S40, V50 and new V70. The E85-ready C30 SportsCoupe, S40 saloon and V50 Sportswagon will start to be delivered in July and a FlexiFuel V70 estate will be available by the end of the year. The 1.8 FlexiFuel model delivering 125PS is now available in the C30, S40, and V50. A 145PS 4 cylinder Flexifuel engine will be made available in the V70. The cheapest of the bunch is the C30 1.8F SE3 at £17,795

Volvo says they expect to sell just 50-100 FlexiFuel cars in the UK this year. Compare that to 7,000 worldwide. Press release pasted after the jump.

[Source: Volvo]
VOLVO BOOSTS UK RANGE WITH FOUR NEW MODELS

• FlexiFuel versions of Volvo C30, S40, V50 and all new V70
• Broadest bioethanol range in the UK

Volvo is launching four all-new, innovative models into the UK to reinforce the company’s long-standing commitment to environmental care and its desire to extend customer choice.

FlexiFuel engines that run on E85 bioethanol fuel1 are now available to order in the C30 SportsCoupe, S40 saloon and V50 Sportswagon, with first customer deliveries in July. A FlexiFuel engine will also be introduced in the all new Volvo V70 estate, arriving in the UK before the end of the year.

As a renewable fuel, bioethanol is better for the environment than traditional fuels2, emitting up to 80% less fossil carbon dioxide emissions than petrol. Offering FlexiFuel in four separate models – more than any other manufacturer – puts Volvo at the forefront of eco-friendly driving in the UK.

“We’re proud to be one of the first car companies in the UK to be offering FlexiFuel models,” said Stuart Kerr, managing director, Volvo Car UK. “Bioethanol reduces man’s dependency on fossil fuels and Volvo’s FlexiFuel programme makes a vital contribution to the company’s strategy of environmental sustainability.”

The Volvo C30 SportsCoupe, S40 saloon and V50 Sportswagon FlexiFuel models are based on the 1.8-litre, four-cylinder normally aspirated petrol engine producing 125PS, with five-speed manual transmission. The V70 FlexiFuel will be powered with a 145PS four-cylinder petrol unit. The FlexiFuel range will start at just £17,795 for the C30 1.8F SE3.

Based on the current refuelling infrastructure4 and lack of Government incentives for E85 as an alternative fuel, Volvo recognises that demand in the UK for its FlexiFuel models is limited. Globally, Volvo Cars predicts sales of 7,000 FlexiFuel cars in 2007. Most are expected to be sold in Sweden, with the UK accounting for 50-100 units.

 

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BOLD MOVES: THE FUTURE OF FORD Step behind the curtain at Ford Motor. Experience the documentary first-hand.

Filed under: Ethanol

We know all about ethanol ’round these parts. We write about it all the time (721 posts as of this morning), sometimes good and sometimes bad. Shall we run down the list here? Okay… In the U.S. we use corn to make it, which is not even remotely the best crop choice. Ethanol has less energy density than gasoline. Subsidies artificaly reduce its price. Ethanol can be diluted in water. Okay, that’s enough! We get the point. But, the good news is that ethanol is made from renewable crops, and probably has less of an impact on the environment that using petroleum (test results vary, of course). Butanol might be a better choice in the long run. Are there any other alcohol choices that are better? How about Sake? Well, maybe not, but perhaps alcohol made from rice will work out in Japan. Click here for more.

[Source: Treehugger]

 

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BOLD MOVES: THE FUTURE OF FORD Step behind the curtain at Ford Motor. Experience the documentary first-hand.

Filed under: Diesel, Manufacturing/Plants, Ford

Ford’s Dagenham England engine plant is their global source for diesel engines and they’ve just launched a new engine line to build 1.4L and 1.6L Duratorq TDCi turbo diesel engines. The two new engines are designed to have particularly low carbon dioxide emissions and associated fuel consumption. The 1.6L is already being built and the 1.4L gets added next month. The new engines will be powering the Fiesta, Fusion Focus and C-Max. But American drivers shouldn’t get to excited yet about the Fusion. In Europe the Fusion brand adorns a small CUV based on the Fiesta.

The 1.6L in the Fiesta is rated at 116 g/km for CO2 emissions putting it well under the proposed new EU carbon limits. The Dagenham plant builds a variety of other diesels for use in most of the Ford brands along with a 2.7L V-6 that is shared with Peugeot. The biggest engine they build is a 3.6L V-8 used in Land Rovers and this engine is expected to be the basis of the new 4.4L that’s coming in the next Ford F-150 in 2009. Now they just need to get some of the four cylinders into our Fusion and Focus.

[Source: Ford]
NEW LOW CARBON DIESEL ENGINES FROM FORD DAGENHAM

DAGENHAM, Essex, 16 May, 2007 – Ford’s Dagenham facility is on target for an annual output of 1,000,000 engines thanks to two production landmarks this year.

The wind-powered Dagenham Diesel Centre (DDC) is celebrating the successful launch of a new line to produce low-carbon 1.4 and 1.6-litre Duratorq TDCi turbo diesel engines – the result of a £130 million investment programme.

Production of the larger engine is now underway, with the 1.4-litre unit to be added in June. These high technology diesel engines power the most fuel efficient versions of the Ford Fiesta, the Ford Fusion, the Ford Focus and the Ford C-MAX. Within the wider Ford family, these engines are also used in Volvo and Mazda models.

This additional production capacity at Dagenham is needed to satisfy rising demand for the high technology diesel engines that are part of the ongoing cooperative agreement between Ford Motor Company and PSA Peugeot Citroën. Around 250 extra assembly operators to date have been employed at the DDC in readiness for the start of production.

Total engine production output on the Ford Dagenham estate will rise to 1,000,000 units a year by 2009 with the addition of these engines. By then 1.4 and 1.6-litre production capacity will be 575,000. The balance will be accounted for by the estate’s existing 1.8, 2.0, 2.2 and 2.4-litre four-cylinder engine ranges, plus the 2.7-litre V6 diesel engine for Jaguar, Land Rover and PSA Peugeot Citroën and the 3.6-litre V8 diesel engine produced for Land Rover.

The 1.4 and 1.6-litre units will be built in the DDC’s Clean Room Assembly Hall, which boasts the sterile conditions required to produce today’s high-tech diesel engines. Air supply to the Clean Room Assembly Hall is filtered and controlled to minimize airborne dust particles that could interfere with engine assembly.

Dave Parker, plant manager, said: “This new engine output for Ford Dagenham reinforces that Britain is a good place to do manufacturing business. Key to this success story has been the teamwork which secured this multi-million pound investment and then got production started in record time.”

In a Ford Fiesta, Dagenham’s new 1.6-litre engine produces only 116 grammes of CO2 per kilometre. Drivers’ shift to diesel cars led to a 24 per cent rise last year in engine assembly at Dagenham – Ford’s global centre for diesel engineering and manufacture.

 

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BOLD MOVES: THE FUTURE OF FORD Step behind the curtain at Ford Motor. Experience the documentary first-hand.

Filed under: Emerging Technologies, Hydrogen

About a month ago, the Purdue Energy Center held a symposium on the challenges and technologies of the hydrogen economy. One of the presenters was Jerry Woodall, and his research continues to be mentioned this month because of the process he has developed that makes hydrogen “by adding water to an alloy of the metals aluminum and gallium,” Purdue says. There is already a startup company (with the monstrosity of a name AlGalCo Inc.) operating at the Purdue Research Park to make generators that use Woodall’s technology and it’s possible that this technology could one day replace gasoline in vehicles.

There is a 26-minute online presentation of the gallium-aluminum technology available here. Woodall says that the reaction of aluminum with water has the same energy content per unit weight of oil, about 20,000 BTUs or about 6 kWh per pound. And, since aluminum is safe and plentiful, it has high potential to create “aluminum enabling hydrogen economy” (click forward to slide 10 of 20 for Woodall’s explanations about using gallium to disrupt the passivating oxide process).

Related:

• Purdue working on ‘carbon-free’ production method for liquid fuels, but it requires hydrogen
• Biofuel Web site launched by Purdue University

[Source: Purdue University, topic submitted by Michael]

 

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BOLD MOVES: THE FUTURE OF FORD Step behind the curtain at Ford Motor. Experience the documentary first-hand.

Mosquito biting human, by Matti Parkkonen : (Wikimedia Commons)Editor's note: This week, Lighter Footstep editor Chris Baskind shares some ways to keep the mosquitoes at bay this summer. This post was originally published on May 10, 2007.

With an unusually mild winter and record high spring temperatures across North America and Europe, 2007 is shaping up as a boom time for mosquitoes.

Don't even bother with bug zappers and clouds of insecticides: not only are they ineffective, they do more damage than good. The neighborhood mosquito fogging carried out by some municipalities is a 24-hour solution at best, and large-scale spraying kills bees and other beneficial insects. Insecticides aren't good for animals or humans, either.

Fortunately, a little planning can make your outdoor activities a lot more bearable during the summer months. Ready to swat your mosquito problem the healthy, natural way? Here are some pointers.

Go on patrol

Mosquitos don't range very far. That's good news: if you can reduce their habitat and breeding grounds, you'll do a lot less slapping.

At least once a week during the warmer months, organize a mosquito posse. It's easier with more than one person. Start close to wherever you live and work outward. Be sure to give nearby abandoned and neglected property the once-over, as well.

You're looking for sources of standing or stagnant water. That's easier said than done, because mosquito larvae can make do with a few ounces of water in the bottom of an old soda can or beneath a leaky water faucet.

Old tires, uncovered boats, abandoned cars, puddles, and empty flower pots are likely candidates. Remove and properly dispose of rubbish in which water might pool. Call your local government's code enforcement office and have them deal with neighborhood eyesores.

Pay particular attention to clogged rain gutters. You should clear these a few times a season. Drain, remove, and invert — these are the best tactics for stopping mosquitos before they become hungry adults.

 

Be unattractive (to mosquitoes)

Mosquitoes are remarkably well-equipped to track you down. Don't do them any favors by enhancing the chemical cues which lead them to you.

Fruit and floral-scented smells are a mosquito come-on. Unfortunately, both are pretty common in sunscreens. Look for an unscented formula, such as Aubrey Organics' Natural Sun series or Avalon Organics Baby Mineral Sunscreen. You can buy them online or at your local heath store.

Insects don't have great vision, but they are closely attuned to contrasts. Avoid dark clothing and you'll be less of a sitting duck.

There are two other powerful chemical signals that alert mosquitoes you're ripe for biting: carbon dioxide and lactic acid. While you can't hold your breath, it's easy to avoid CO2-producing campfires and open flames. You produce tons of lactic acid when you're exercising, so consider moving strenuous activities out of the late afternoon hours when mosquitoes are most active. It also helps to limit salty foods and those rich in potassium.

 

Investigate natural insect repellants

DEET is certainly good at discouraging biting insects. But it's nasty stuff, and some people don't tolerate it well.

Citronella, castor, peppermint, lemongrass, and clove oil are among the natural alternatives you can try to keep mosquitos at bay. Combinations of these oils are available in convenient sprays — check your local whole foods or health outlet.

Two things to keep in mind with natural repellents: you'll need to reapply every two hours or so (or after swimming); and some people are sensitive to essential oils. Try a bit before you leave home to make sure the product you've chosen won't cause you problems.

It's not necessary to apply insect repellents directly to the skin. They work by masking your natural scent and will function just as well on your clothes. This will also minimize sweat-off and the likelihood of a skin reaction.

And good luck!

Clean up, cover up, and be smart about the times you're outdoors. Don't take any mozzie guff — and have a great summer!

Copyright © 2007 Chris Baskind